华尔街提前腾仓位备现金，静待科技股超级IPO大潮
BlockBeats 消息，5 月 28 日，随着 SpaceX、OpenAI 及 Anthropic 等超级独角兽接连推进美股 IPO，华尔街大型机构已开始提前调整持仓结构以提高现金储备。高盛全球银行与市场部董事总经理 John Flood 指出，历史上前四次最大规模 IPO 来临前，股票型共同基金均曾主动提高现金储备。当前多家大型基金再次增持现金，部分被动指数基金甚至考虑减持现有大型科技股，为即将到来的新指数成分股腾出配置空间。SpaceX 上市估值预计约 1.5 万亿至 1.75 万亿美元，OpenAI 与 Anthropic 估值同样接近万亿美元级别，三家公司的接连上市将重塑主要股指权重格局。
指数编制机构正加速修改规则以适应这一变化。富时罗素已通过新规允许新上市公司在满足流通市值门槛后仅交易 5 天即可纳入罗素指数，被市场视为几乎为 SpaceX 量身定制；纳斯达克今年 3 月公布了针对新股的快速纳入机制，标普道琼斯指数公司亦在推进类似方案，并警告若维持旧规可能「影响指数作为基准的整体有效性」。一旦被纳入指数，庞大的被动基金将不得不配置相关股票，有望成为这些超级 IPO 最稳定、最庞大的需求来源。不过市场亦有担忧声音，认为被动基金可能在纳入初期被迫以高溢价接盘高波动的新股，承担过高风险。
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